Economic Impact Of Mega Sports Tourism Essay Essay Example

Monetary Impact Of Mega Sports Tourism Essay Example Monetary Impact Of Mega Sports Tourism Essay Monetary Impact Of Mega Sports Tourism Essay The utilization of athleticss markets to explore requests of financial inclusion has a long history as the greater part of this writing examinations US athleticss, eminently American football, circles, baseball, and ice hockey, while there is other than a significant contribution in affiliation football, the prima universe games ( For outline, the 1998 European Short Course Swimming, 1999 European Show Jumping and the 2001 World Half Marathon Championships ) . In the course of the last two decennaries at that spot has been expanded rivalry among metropoliss, parts and states to have mega highlighting occasions Therefore Government and different promoters of major including occasions typically look to support up their cases of the occasion providing a financial consolation by authorizing a monetary effect articulation. For representation, Economic Research Associates ( 1984 ) study of the Los Angeles Olympics, Humphreys and Plummers ( 1992 ) review of the Atlanta Olympics, and KPMG Peat Marwick s ( 1993 ) study of the Sydney Olympics. A Facilitating a sports occasion has uncovered a figure of advantages in our networks and of those advantages, a few grounds like expanding network perceivability, positive clairvoyant salary, and elevating network picture are for the most part normal and satisfactory postulations.A Economic effect in highlighting occasions can be characterized as the net modification in a financial framework following from a games occasion and the adjustment is brought about by movement influencing the procurement, activity, improvement, and utilization of games establishments and administrations ( Lieber and Alton, 1983 ) which in twist create visitants dispensing, open payment, business possibilities, and income upgrade net. In overview of financial effect Outgos can be arranged as immediate, roundabout, and prompted impacts. For outline direct outgo is the putting expected to run into the expanded interest of visitants for merchandise and ventures. Backhanded impacts are the wave outcome of additio nal unit of ammo of re-coursing the underlying witnesss dollars. Initiated impacts are the expansion in work and family unit pay that result from the monetary movement filled by the immediate and roundabout impacts ( Dawson, Blahna, A ; Keith, 1993 ; Howard A ; Crompton, 1995 ) . A Sports Economicss has huge involvement with financial counseling to the athleticss business, with explicit insight of the monetary effect of establishments, occasions, and crews so sing the advancement and assessment environing such surveies, it is basic to pick a house that non simply has huge experience, however adjacent to has a notoriety for methodicallly providing a precise examination of financial effect. A A There are following grounds to carry on monetary effect surveies of sports occasions and First, in light of the fact that numerous games occasions in our networks were financed by open income improvement support, financial effect surveies keep on being an of import open dealingss device for city specialists. Second, there is vulnerability that highlighting occasions may truly help build up a network in similar to its monetary framework subsequently, exact estimations ought to be proposed and the results ought to be accounted for to network individuals and Third, as games is non only an entertainment yet an industry so the outcomes of financial effect might be a premise to create many related worries in networks. At last, constructive or antagonistic financial results of game occasions might be an of import technique to discover networks bill of trade spending plan for the moving toward twelvemonth so as a representation in July of 2001, Beijing was granted the 2008 Summer Olympic Gam es so the vast majority expect that such an occasion will pass on colossal monetary advantages to the host city non only during the occasion, however for mature ages along these lines. The graduated table of the association, establishments and base required for such an enormous venture are to such an extent that the Games can non yet have critical financial impacts ( Sydney 2000 Games, p 2 ) yet what definitely are these monetary impacts, and how would they sway the personal satisfaction of nearby tenants? A The importance of surveies for representation, for example, these to the Beijing games depends in parcel on the likeness of the monetary conditions in China to old has so it appears to be consistent that a less evolved state will hold more to get from long haul developing possibilities. Matheson and Baade ( 2003 ) contend, by and by, that the odds of uber games are surprisingly more terrible for creating states and the possibility expenses of providing region of the workmanship establishments are a lot higher and insufficiency of current foundation requires significant additional contributing. Writing Review on Economic Impact Studies Antecedent The motivation behind this writing reappraisal is to see immediate and roundabout effect of major athleticss occasions on financial framework and see how major athleticss can open new measurement in monetary framework. This has been done through referencing arranged journals, articles and magazines ; other than an examination has been done as segment of essential exploration to break down effect of major athleticss occasion on Economy ; in any case confirmation of informations gathered is proficient to beginnings and predominant conditions. Last phase of this study on IPL screens examination of part of IPL to Indian financial framework, It investigate that how IPL has opened another measurement for Indian monetary framework to turn and draws in local and remote speculators. This stage other than covers SWOT examination of IPL, grounds basic to accomplishment of IPL and future in front. Mission statement Beforehand many exploration surveies have added to comprehend monetary effect of games as well as recreational occasions ; in any case most surveies depend on the examination laborers individual perceptual experience and questionable methodological investigation. The plan of this overview was to reconsider old financial effect surveies and to fabricate model for convey oning a monetary effect study. This full hypothetical model has been tried by dissecting a case overview of monetary Impact of mega athleticss occasions like Indian Premier League on Indian financial framework. Writing Review To examine Economic effect of athleticss is questioning subject in the field of heading Fieldss in light of the fact that measuring the monetary effect of including occasions and do some helpful articulation is extremely hard and abstract. Because of the emotional idea of cultural logical control, contemplations and methodological examination change from individual to individual for convey oning financial effect surveies. The main boundary behind convey oning cultural logical order research depends on the level of battle and confidence in misgiving of the stuff. what's more cultural articles are holed up behind a screen of pre-built talks which present the most noticeably terrible obstruction to logical test, and interminable sociologists accept they are talking about the object of review when they are basically handing-off the talk which, in games as somewhere else, the item delivers about itself, regardless of whether through its functionaries, heroes or writers ( Bourdieu, 1999 ) . Hence, working of genuinely logical articles infers an interference with regular portrayals, which can strikingly be affected by taking these pre-ideas as the object of review so this investigation analyzes the more extensive advantages that move past the financial effect and proposals the acknowledgment of the fair scorecard assault to occasion rating. This amalgamate bit of examination constitutions on the first Measuring Success in 1999 which depended on the premiss that major athleticss occasions have the conceivable to achieve significant financial effects for the host town, city or nation however monetary effect is currently one of the parametric amounts whereupon an occasion s achievement is measured.A States, who have the mega athleticss occasion, ought to do a guide for significant investings in athleticss areas and other foundation. It is all things considered expected that the graduated table of such occasion and guide of the preparing for it will make enormous and long lasting monetary advantages to the host state. This would result in huge monetary advantages that would hold significant financial effect. Anyway unfortunately these surveies are developed around misapplications of monetary hypothetical model that basically ensure their projections will be huge. Ex-post surveies have methodicallly indicated no grounds of positive financial effects from uber games even remotely approaching the estimations in monetary effect surveies. For outline, in the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, China have set up huge investings in foundation and establishment preoccupation to another degree. The possibility for long haul monetary advantages from the mega athleticss occasion like Beij ing, basically rely upon how great mega athleticss occasions related investings in areas and base can be fused into the general financial framework in the mature ages following the Games In current situation monetary effect surveies have become standard working procedure for heroes of open help for athleticss occasions. It has prompted acknowledgment of their discoveries by the specialists and open because of their predominance with no basic rating. Because of the tremendous putting include in such prominent mega athleticss occasions, huge and positive Economic impacts are taken as given ; the surveies affirm what is as of now accepted. The guarantee of overall introduction and monetary expansion has made facilitating these major and all the time booked including individual businesss a moneymaking end for draw a dab oning metropoliss around the universe ( Short 2000, p. 320 ) . Facilitating a super games occasion like Olympic, has shown a figure of large and long pe

Discontinuity in Self-Reliance and When I Consider How My Light Is Spen

Brokenness in Self-Reliance and When I Consider How My Light Is Spentâ â   â Ralph Waldo Emerson determinedly declares in Confidence that the most elevated legitimacy we credit to Moses, Plato, and Milton is that they set nothing at customs yet spoke†¦what they thought (515). Emerson pronounces that Milton’s enormity is credited not to similarity yet rather to innovation. Milton’s break with predictable desires is typified in his utilization of a Petrarchan piece in the sonnet When I Consider How My Light Is Spent. Nonconformity and irregularity in a man’s way to deal with life are the regulations embraced by Emerson in his work Confidence, and Milton encapsulates an Emersonian viewpoint while deep down looking for individual truth in his poem. The absence of formal structure in progress of the two writers improves as opposed to restrains the reader’s handle of the writing. Albeit both Emerson and Milton utilize an intermittent scholarly style in their individual works, Emerson delights in his absence of coherence to ad ditionally declare his belief system of resistance and irregularity while Milton’s utilization of intermittence is acquired trying to comprehend his place before God. The establishment for looking at the two works will be founded on the accompanying meaning of intermittence: any artistic methodology that strays from standard auxiliary structure. The nonappearance of formal structure in Emerson’s Confidence has been ridiculed by certain pundits as an insuperable impediment to a proper comprehension of the work (Warren 200). A careful assessment of the work, in any case, brings out two essential cases: Emerson gives a premise to some similarity to structure, and complete coherence is contradictory to the basics of Emerson’s Se... ... The American Tradition in Literature. Eighth Edition. Ed. George Perkins. New York. McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1994. Milton, John. At the point when I Consider How My Light Is Spent. The Norton Anthology of English Literature. 6th Edition. M.H.Abrams et al. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1996. Nicolson, Marjorie Hope. John Milton: A Reader’s Guide to His Poetry. New York: Octagon Books, 1983. Packer, B.L. Emerson’s Fall: A New Interpretation of the Major Essays. nineteenth Century Literary Criticism 38 (1993): 200-208. Robinson, David M. Effortlessness and Work: Emerson’s Essays in Theological Perspective. nineteenth Century Literary Criticism 38 (1993): 223-230. Warren, Joyce W. Introspective philosophy and the Self: Ralph Waldo Emerson. nineteenth CenturyLiterary Criticism 38 (1993): 208-213. Wilson, A.N. The Life of John Milton. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983.  Â

How to Setup a Controlling Department

How to Setup a Controlling Department © Shutterstock.com | Rawpixel.comThis article delves into the importance and the step by step process of setting up a controlling department. It includes the 1) introduction, 2) main tasks of the controlling department, 3) setting up a controlling department, 4) considerations while creating the controlling department, 5) implementation of the Internal Control System, and 6) how to enhance your Internal Control System.INTRODUCTIONThe controlling department is a crucial part of the corporate governance system and plays a vital role in distinguishing, reducing and controlling risk. There are significant measures taken to safeguard stockholders interests, as well as the companys assets.The controlling department also facilitates the success of the organizations operations by ensuring the reliability of monetary information as well as by agreeing to and following the laws, rules and regulations. The control system of accounting is a crucial part of the ICS (Internal Control System).Alth ough the controlling department decreases the risk yet it cannot protect against poor judgment and human error, or manage unforeseeable conditions. The Internal Control System, therefore, provides a safeguard that the organization won’t be impeded in achieving its business goals, or in the orderly and legitimate conduct of its operations.The controlling department plays a role as a business agent for the management at all levels of the business. The controlling role is carried out both at central level in a group and at an organizational level, with a few main focus areas.MAIN TASKS OF CONTROLLING DEPARTMENTThe controlling department provides the following services:Preparing important information for the management. This includes quarterly reporting, preparing of updates prior to BoD (Board of Directors) meetings and any other information that needs to be presented to management prior to decision-making.Supplying data for decision-making processes. This can include financial infor mation, as well as sales/purchase numbers and can also include HR stats. Any and all data that might be needed to help make a responsible decision should be available through the controlling department.Assessing financial numbers and data concerning employees, structures, and business matters.Defining and recognizing significant performance indicators. Being able to review reports and understand trends so as to present them to the BoD in a timely fashion.Providing instruments (e.g. SAP / ETHIS) as well as systems.Managing reports specifically for external audiences. This includes external reports like annual reports.Making quarterly reports. Quarterly reports are presented to the BoD and external stakeholders as well. These must be created after reviewing data and performance for the entire quarter.Supervising the annual budgeting process.  The controlling department works closely with the financial departments to ensure a concrete budget is established for the year. It might be nec essary for the controlling department to communicate with all company departments while working on the budget. The controlling department will eventually be tracking how closely the budget is followed and reporting on it so they must be involved in the creation as well.Working towards achieving transparency and streamlining systems and processes.SETTING UP A CONTROLLING DEPARTMENTIn order to set up a controlling system in an organization, you must first decide on the objectives and anticipated goals before using the system. Also, make sure that certain requirements are fulfilled before you setup the controlling department. This includes writing down the responsibilities of the department as a whole,  the responsibilities for key people within the department, and the policies the department will follow.The Role of the ICS DepartmentFor any organization, it is important to carry out the following functions successfully.The ICS department must exercise authority and control on inter nal book-keeping.It should provide reports along with suggestions on the accounts, budgetary, and on the controlling procedures that need to be adopted by company.It should control and manage the financial reports along with relevant documents.Points to keep in mind before setting up a controlling departmentThe following tips can help in setting up your organization’s Internal Control System.Make sure there are approval and commitment from the Board and Management: Each internal controlling system needs to have the support and commitment of the Board and Management.Identify obvious needs and have systematic processes for the ICS: The organization needs to define fundamental concepts of how the system will work. A standardized approach guarantees that the staff works along similar lines that result in a similar impact.Move step-by-step: An ICS should be modified according to the organization itself. It is important for the organization to establish, evaluate and modify the ICS that also covers all aspects of the business.Define roles and duties: Duties for particular controls ought to be clearly designated to a department or an individual to ensure efficiency. Within this context, the company needs to hire a controlling officer.Train all staff connected to the control system: Employee training is a key factor in guaranteeing the efficiency of any Internal Control System. Everybody needs to comprehend that being part of the internal controlling system requires they familiarize themselves with major risks, or alterations that might need to be made in any given situation. This will help ensure that corresponding controls can be put into practice.Make sure resources are available: Improving or establishing an ICS means making substantial resources available throughout the process. Whether this is in the form of software, HR or financial leeway to make necessary purchases, the department needs to have the resources required to function properly.Prepare the Interna l Control System for potential problems: New problems come up and existing ones must be catered to. Thus, the controls should also be modified accordingly. The internal control system is only going to remain effective if risks are evaluated continuously and necessary action is taken accordingly.Effectiveness of the Control System supervised by the Board and Management: The department should be supervised on an ongoing basis to make sure that controls are effectively carried out. The Board must ensure that the control system is frequently updated.Understand that theres no such thing as complete security: A Controlling System always involves evaluating potential risks that a company is exposed to and also predicting expenses. Due to various reasons, its impossible to reduce every risk since risks cannot completely be eliminated. The most important thing would be that the company’s Board and Management fully understand this risk.CONSIDERATIONS WHILE CREATING THE CONTROLLING DEPARTMEN TThe controlling department should not be setup without proper planning. From commitment at the top-level, to ensuring everyone understands their responsibilities, it is important to keep several things in mind while adding this department to your organization.Commitment at the Top LevelDirect participation of the top management in internal control is an important factor for the company’s success. For control management, it helps increating and helping the standard committee,creating and determining recommendations and goals,delivering assets and training,supervising implementation at every level of the company, andassessing and revising in accordance with the results accomplished.Commitment to Controlling Department at every Organizational LevelResponsibilities of the Board of DirectorsThe Board of Directors has ultimate responsibility for a company’s Internal Control system department. Here is a list of responsibilities for the board:It should carefully set recommendations and update the guidelines accordingly.Observe the organizational risks identified and review them. They must decide if the ICS is able to control these risks.After half a year, when the Annual Report as well as the First-Half Report is approved, assess the strength of the Groups Internal Control System to make sure that the principal risks faced by the organization are being adequately dealt with.To correctly execute the duties designated, the Board of Directors will need to depend on the appropriate resources to oversee the Control System. First and foremost, it must determine a control committee that can help them by delivering recommendations and plans for the Internal Control System. It appoints individuals from the Committee and chooses its Chairman within the committee membershipIn addition, it must hire the ICS Compliance officer, and evaluate his independence and professional capability.Responsibilities of EmployeesAll employees, according to the duties designated to them by th e company, must also carry out a few tasks for internal controlling and follow a set criterion.If these employees have been hired for the ICS, then it can be assumed that they meet a certain company criteria because of which they can be trusted with new responsibilities that come with the control system. All other employees must be trained and taught their roles and responsibilities towards the ICS.Division of dutiesNo one person should assess the accounting process, nor does one staff member handle every facet of a transaction. However, if an individual worker produces assessments, then another employee should cross-check. Switch tasks each month and it’s recommended to avoid letting one employee hold all control of any essential process.When walking in the office, keep yourself familiar with what the employees do so that they are aware that they are being watched. This also reduces communication barrier with employees. By making regular rounds, employees remain cautious and they keep focused on their work.Assessment of the Efficiency and Effectiveness of the Controlling DepartmentA periodic review of the efficiency of the ICS should be carried out. Such a periodic review can be a task delegated to the Board of Directors that helps the Internal Control Committee. In undertaking this evaluation, the directors will be conscious in not just reviewing the working system of an ICS within the company but also regularly assessing the structure of the Internal Control System, its competence, efficiency as well as actual functioning.The Board of Directors should evaluate the ICS every six months. They can go through the reviews submitted by IC Compliance Officer, evaluating (i) when the present structure in the ICS was efficient in achieving the goals (ii) whether any reported flaws have a noteworthy difference in the system.Each year after the approval of the Annual Report is given by the Board of Directors, they will also:Browse the major organizational risks give n for consideration and review as to how they have been recognized, examined and handled. Particularly, it must consider the alterations.Review the strength of the Internal Control System in managing the risks mentioned above, particularly when it comes to reporting any significant mistakes or flaws in an internal control.Bear in mind which actions are taken or should instantly be remedied in case of flaws.Prepare any other recommendations, processes and behavior rules that will adequately counteract new risks or previous ones that werent handled properly.HOW TO ENHANCE YOUR INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM?Responding to these questions can help review your Internal Control System. It can also provide possibilities to enhance your Internal Control System.Do you have goals and requirements to improve your ICS? Rather than jumping into setting up a controlling department, spend time planning the goals and responsibilities of said department. Include the administration in this step so the new d epartment has the complete support of the management.Have you hired specifically for the ICS? Hire specifically if you do not have the skills in-house, rather than putting someone without adequate experience in charge of such an important function.What is the systematic technique of determining and assessing risks, and also have these risks/checks been recorded?Have the processes and controls both been recorded?Are you sure that controls established cover any material risks?Are controls modifiable if the risk situation changes?Does the company supervise if controls have really been completed and are clearly recorded?Does the Board of Directors receive regular reports on internal controls? Establish a timeline for reporting, and ensure that the new controlling department follows it. Without proper reporting, your Board of Directors will be unable to keep track of whats happening.Is the standard of internal controls examined periodically when it comes to the needs given by the Directo rs?Have the necessary measures to address flaws been recognized and taken within the Internal Control System, and was the implementation of those measures supervised?Every organization has different departments in terms of its size, degree of centralization and complexity. Thus, there is no one method of ICS which can be applied universally. Therefore, managers of every department in a company should use a guideline that could assist them in making their internal control systems, which are consistent with their company’s objectives and goals while keeping in mind the costs involved in implementing them.

Essay on Changing Gender Roles in William Shakespeares...

Changing Gender Roles in William Shakespeares Macbeth Much attention has been paid to the theme of manliness as it appears throughout Macbeth. In his introduction to Macbeth in The Riverside Shakespeare, Frank Kermode contends that the play is about the eclipse of civility and manhood, [and] the temporary triumph of evil (1307). Stephen Greenblatt emphasizes the same idea in The Norton Shakespeare, crediting Lady Macbeth for encouraging her husband through both sexual taunting and the terrible force of her determination (2557-58). Macbeth responds to his wife with a clear sense of the proper boundaries of his identity as a male and as a human being, [telling her] I dare do all that may become a man;/Who dares do†¦show more content†¦(16-23) The Captains enthusiastic description of Macbeths courage in the battle with Macdonald, and Duncans agreement that his valiant cousin is a worthy gentleman (24), belie any notion that charges of unmanliness are levelled against Macbeth by his seemingly respectful male colleagues. Measuring masculinity in terms of military prowess, Duncan and his men perceive no inherent weakness in Macbeth, and they have little reason to suspect him of the treason and disorder he will ultimately initiate. If Macbeth is to be charged with unmanliness, the accusation must necessarily appear from beyond the relative safety of this decidedly masculine domain. It does. Although Macbeths violence against Duncan is frequently attributed jointly to the inspiration of the witches and Lady Macbeth,1 the play carefully refrains from having the witches openly encourage Macbeth to take action, whether lethal, passive, or otherwise. Despite critical contentions that Lady Macbeth replaces the witches following the first act,2 it is crucial to note that her persuasions, unlike the sisters, are decidedly proactive. The witches merely report their prophecy; Lady Macbeth effectively pushes her husband into forcing it to become a reality. The difference in her influence lies in its kind as well as its degree: whereas the sisters act only as the instruments of evil, Lady Macbeth actively promotes her elected role as her husbandsShow MoreRelatedGender And Gender Roles In Macbeth By William Shakespeare1043 Words   |  5 PagesIn Macbeth by William Shakespeare, gender plays a pivotal role in the development of the overall plot and as the play advances, cer tain characters, including Macbeth and Lady Macbeth experience a reversal in traditional gender behaviors. Additionally, we see gender confusion among other characters that enhances conflict in the play. Originally, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth are portrayed in ways that enforce their respective masculinity and feminism in accordance to the society around them. As MacbethRead MoreIn History It Is Often Taught That Even Events That Occurred1499 Words   |  6 Pagesrelevance to our everyday lives. 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Quality Management Essay - 1525 Words

Name: QUALITY MANAGEMENT MID TERM EXAM Question You are a project management consultant assigned to a small manufacturing firm that has been experiencing a myriad of problems. After conducting interviews and fact-finding with key managers, you have observed the following: †¢Company revenues and profits have fallen dramatically over the previous 12 months, along with a drop in market share †¢Customer complaints have reached an all time high †¢Employee morale is at an all time low †¢The company has no formal quality program in place †¢No employee training program exists †¢High employee turnover continues unabated †¢Non-conformance costs are skyrocketing After analyzing your data, you are now prepared to present your findings to†¦show more content†¦So with the use of these tools, they have access to areas that need to be addressed for the benefit of the customer. With the tools â€Å"X† could also further their quality planning for the company and future products. Alternatively, the organization might introduce ISO 9000. By doing so â€Å"X† may gauge fulfillment of its customer’s quality requirements and applicable regulatory requirements while aiming to enhance customer satisfaction and achieve continual improvement of its performance. Employee morale is at an all time low Solution: To start with, â€Å"X† company has to provide its workers a productive environment, in order to help them give their best. â€Å"X†`s management must act as true leaders who aim to help people and machines do their best. According to W.E. Deming, rather than criticize performance, supervisors should act as mentors to their workers and create an environment of trust and encouragement so workers experience a sense of pride in their work and the satisfaction of a job well done. Furthermore, workers who fear their bosses seek to meet the minimal expected standards rather than strive to give their best. Quality is neglected and respect for management is diminished. 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Neorealism vs. Neoliberalism Free Essays

Mayixuan Li Ms. Reilly International Relations: Conflict and Cooperation in Global Politics October 22 2012 Neorealism, a concept of international relations that emerged in 1979 by Kenneth Waltz, is a theory which forces on demonstrating how the world works instead what the world ought to be. Neorealism thinkers claim that international structure is established by its ordering principle, which is anarchy, and by the distribution of power, measured by a number of great powers, which have the largest impact on what happens in world politics. We will write a custom essay sample on Neorealism vs. Neoliberalism or any similar topic only for you Order Now Since there is no central agency that plays a role as â€Å"night watchman† (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 5) to guarantee the security of states, the anarchic international system pushes great powers to maximize their relative powers in order to attain the minimum goal of their own survival. The trepidation of security is primary factor influencing great powers’ behavior, and in turn makes great powers quickly recognize that the best way to survive without protection is to perpetually expand actual military capability until reach the ultimate aim – hegemony. Great powers can never be certain about other states’ intentions, which makes them fear each other, and view each other as potential enemies who always have the capability and motive to attack them. To guarantee their own survival, great powers adopt the logic of self – help acting according to their self – interest, and always look for opportunities to alter the balance of power by acquiring additional power for themselves and by thwarting their rivals to increase powers. The self – help system gives rise of security dilemma that reflects basic logic of offensive realism. No matter a states becomes strong or weak, both strength and weakness in national security can be provocative to other great powers. Mearsheimer states: â€Å" The essence of the dilemma is that the measures a state takes to increase its own security usually decrease the security of other states. † (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 13) Neorealism offers a considerably broader definition of power, and view power as two types: actual power and latent power. Waltz states that power includes the following components: â€Å" size of population and territory, resource endowment, economic capability, military strength, political stability and ompetence. † (Waltz, 1979, p. 131) Actual power mainly points out military capability, such as army, air and naval forces, which directly gives great powers the wherewithal to hurt and possibly destroy each other. Latent power comprises size of population and territory, national wealth, and political stability. Rational great powers do not contend w ith current distribution of power, and always care about relative power rather than absolute power. They not only look for opportunities to take advantages of one another, but also work to ensure that other states do not take advantage of them. Before great powers take offensive actions, they consider carefully about the balance of power, about the costs and risks, and about both how much power they could increase and how much power their rivals could obtain. Nevertheless, great powers can never be sure how much power is enough to secure their survival in the ruthless international system. They not only strive to be the strongest, but also to be the only power – hegemony in the world. Mearsheimer defines:â€Å" A hegemon is a state that is so powerful that it dominates all the other states in the system. † (Mearsheimer, 2001, p. 0) In international relation history, no state has ever achieved global hegemony because of the stopping power of water. The best condition great power could obtain is to become regional hegemony, which dominates distinct geographical areas. Once a great power becomes regional hegemony, it does not want any peers to contend with it. Moreover, neorealism considers three possible systems – unipolar system, bipolar system, and multipolar system. Among all three systems, multipolar system is the most dangerous system, and is more war – prone than is bipolar system. Neorealism occasionally advocates fostering human rights. Great powers might pursue non-security goals as long as the requisite behavior does not violate the paramount goal – pursuit of relative power. Indeed, these non – security goals sometimes complements relative powers, such as economic capability or national wealth is the foundation and resource of military power. Furthermore, great powers seek to prevent war and keep peace, however, they are not driven by a will to build an independent world, but largely by narrow calculations about relative power. Cooperation among nations is difficult to achieve and always difficult to sustain since great powers always consider relative gains by themselves comparing to relative gains by another great power. Neorealism certainly asserts no amount of cooperation can eliminate the dominating logic of security competition. Neorealism locates causation in the anarchic international system, which forces great powers to act aggressively toward each other in the survive competition. Great powers compete to maximize their relative power not because they have a will to fight with each other but because this is the only optimal way to ensure their survival in the dangerous world. Neorealism concludes that the view of long lasting peace is not likely to be achieved by great power become global hegemony, so the world is condemned to perpetual great power competition. There are three great debates referring to a series of disagreements between international relations scholars. The second great debate was a dispute between neorealism and neoliberalism. Neoliberalism, a response to neorealism, views international system more optimistically, and argues the fact that the world has become more interdependent in economics and in communications as well as in human aspirations. Neoliberals agree with neorealism that the anarchic nature of international system is an inevitable circumstance that states have to confront. Nevertheless, there is a general tendency of interdependence among actors across national boundaries to cooperate with each other in modern international system, which gives rise of the idea of complex interdependence. While neorealism views that cooperation between states can rarely happen, neoliberalism holds a greater belief in cooperation according to the prisoner’s dilemma. A tale of two prisoners who are questioned after committing an alleged crime. Neither prisoner knows that is being said by the other, but if they both cooperate and confess to the crime, their time in prison will be shortened, where if neither confesses the sentence length will be even shorter. However, if one confesses and the other does not, then the one who confessed will be set free and the one who did not will receive a lengthy jail term (Mingst 2004, p. 63). Neoliberalists use this to explain why states could wish to cooperate with each other, and even in an anarchic system of autonomous rational states, cooperation can still emerge through the building of norms, regimes and institutions. The importance of such cooperation is that actors have to play the game in an indefinite number of interactions, which abundantly conforms to the real international system. Moreover, neoliberalism recognizes not only sovereign states as important and rational actors, but also other actors are both principal and logical. Neoliberals always focus on absolute gains instead relative gains in such cooperation relationship. Multiple channels, summarized as interstate, trans – governmental, and transnational relation, provides more freedom to connect societies by both informal ties between nongovernmental elites and formal ties between governmental foreign offices. Through these channels political change occurs, in turns, states become more interdependent. Since there are various cooperative issues in different areas among states, trans – governmental politics will make goals of states difficult to define. Neoliberalism also acknowledges more contributions made by international organizations, which helped to activate potential coalitions and strive to obtain opinion by every state. Furthermore, all non – security issues can no longer be subordinated to military security, which gives opportunities to a multitude of different agendas coming to the forefront. The line between domestic and foreign policy becomes blurred, and there is no hierarchy among issues. Military capability does not dominate the agenda anymore, and gradually becomes a less effective instrument to achieve other objectives such as economic and social goals. Nevertheless, the existence of mutual dependence does postulate another type of power. Sensitivity and vulnerability are two essential dimensions of states. When a costly imposed situation from outside happens, the amount of sensitivity shows how quickly this imposed situation could affect one country from various aspects, and the vulnerability can be defined as an actor’s liability to suffer costs imposed by external events even after politics have been altered. Vulnerability is particularly important of interdependence structure. Even in the world of interdependence, there is no evenly balanced mutual dependence. Neoliberalism asserts two types of dependence, asymmetries in dependence, and symmetries in dependence, the latter hardly emerge. States can be less dependent or more dependent because of their level of sensibility and vulnerability. Less dependent actors can often use the interdependent relationship as a source of power in bargaining over an issue and perhaps to affect other issue. Power not only can be thought of as military capability, but also can be viewed as the ability of an actor to get others to do something they otherwise would not do. Neoliberalism claims that states act according to their self – interest to cooperate with each other, and to make the world more interdependence through different gendas. The use of military force is not exercised when complex interdependence prevails, so therefore the world could become more peaceful and prosperous. Bibliography Mearsheimer, John. The Tragedy of Great Power Politics. United States: 2011. Waltz, K. Theory of International Politics. United States: McGraw-Hill: 1979. Mingst, K. A. Essentials of International Relations. New York: W. W. Norton: 2004. Axelrod, Robert. The Evolution of Cooperation. United States. Keohane, Robert O. Power and Interdependence. United States: 2000. How to cite Neorealism vs. Neoliberalism, Essay examples

Ethical Issues &Consideration Reflects †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: How to Ethical Issues Consideration Reflects? Answer: Introduction In this report ethics and governance issues have been discussed which reflects how organizations whether on domestic or international level should run their business. With the ramification of economic changes, a massive cover- up of employees exploitation is being run out of 7- Eleven corporation. There are several views points and news which have been given by Media in different news paper throughout the time. It is evaluated that with the collection of information from the different news that the chairman of convenience store chain 7 eleven has conceded that underpayment of staff which resulted into massive destruction of its brand image. This case is consisted with the fact of underpayment of wages to employees and policies and rules prepared by organizations for its employees. Different news by different publishers has been issued on international level which creates a massive level of dilemma in the minds of stakeholders. This report is prepared on the issues and concerns given by two editorials on different dates. One article is related with Australian financial review and another one is related with information given in the Australian newspaper (Fraser, 2016). Body context Australian financial review In the Australian financial review it is given that Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company has spoke in this less wages payment issues. However, he has promised that if company has been paying fewer amounts of wages to its employees then it would surely pay that less amount in the later time by considering its liabilities. Nonetheless, management department of 7- Eleven Australia has reflected that if company is going to pay this much of salary to its all employees than it would cost millions of dollars and comes as it public relation disasters. In the same article, there are several stakeholders such as various management departments of big organizations who reflected their view point on the shortfall of wages amount. It was given that if company is going to pay high amount of salary to their employees then it would result into high production cost and company would fail to develop cost leadership in market. In addition to this, Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company has also refuted that shortfall of wages amount would be required to be paid by the franchisee. Company has hired employees through their franchisee which put all the responsibilities on franchisee of 7-Eleven Australia Company. This article requires justification on the fact which has been described by Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company that company has been running its business since last 38 years in the best interest of employees and stakeholders. After evaluating the short fall in wages cases, it is analyzed that company had been making false promised with its stakeholders (Australian financial review, 2017). Australian newspaper The main stakeholders of these newspapers are the general public who get affected by the business functioning of organization. The Australian newspaper has revealed all the information and policies which company should have followed in order to make right amount of payment to its employees. It has criticized the promises and other commitment made by Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company as it provides its viewpoints for the best interest of general public (Australian Newspaper, 2017). In addition to this, it has also disclosed the report provided by the Ombudsmen which provides that company has promised to pay its employee full wages amount. If company fails to make payment to its employees then it would make employee secured creditors (Bode, 2017). Analysis In the end of this article it is clearly revealed by the fair work Ombudsman that company has been maintain wrong track records and manipulated rosters which has resulted into short fall of wages payment to its employees. On the other hand, Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company has also suggested that Franchisees are taking 57% profits from the business functioning of organizations and hiring process of all departments has also been transferred to franchisees. If any shortfall of payment is remained unsettled then it should be paid by Franchisees department not by 7-Eleven Australia Company. On the other hand, Australian newspaper has shown that if company has hired employee with the help of its franchisee then it would not mean that franchisee will pay off the shortfall of employees salaries. Employees have worked for the 7-Eleven Australia Company and had made their efforts for the development and sustainable future of organizations. Therefore, company would pay all th e shortcoming of its payment in ethical manner. Conclusion The stakeholders of Australian financial review are the high influential people such as incubators, highly net worth individuals and other corporate investors who make investment in companies with a view to create value on their investments. Therefore, all the information shown in this article provides positive parts of company and provides that company has been complying with all the possible governance and policies in determined approach. On the other hand, Australian newspaper has reflected the view points of general public. It did not provide its information on the basis of best interest of organizations but consider interest of general publics. If Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company had made promised to pay shortfall of wages then on the later term he could not say that Franchisee department would pay shortfall of wages to employees. However, manipulation in rosters and employees documents would also render company unethical in its business functioning. Now in the end, it would be inferred that Russ Wither chairman of 7-Eleven Australia Company should company with all the commitments and promises in determined approach. Company should comply with all the rules and regulation of fair wages payment policies (Australian financial review, 2017). References Australian financial review (2017), 7-Eleven Australia Company, Retrieved on 11th May, 2017 from https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/companies/the-buck-stops-with-us-says-7eleven-chairman-russ-withers/news-story/c446f2f834f4b72748c630a0944ec6b4 Australian Newspaper (2017), 7-Eleven Australia Company, Retrieved on 11th May, 2017 from https://www.smh.com.au/business/workplace-relations/7eleven-wage-fraud-coverup-from-head-office-20150828-gjahrc.html Bode, K., 2017. Fictional Systems: Mass-Digitization, Network Analysis, and Nineteenth-Century Australian Newspapers. Victorian Periodicals Review, 50(1), pp.100-138. Fraser, M., 2016. Investigating 7-Eleven: Who are the real bad guys?. Griffith Journal of Law Human Dignity, 4(2).

The Tower of Hanoi Assessment

Free Essays on Ways To Get Fired

and not physical activities. If you want to get a point across to anyone it is extremely important not to offend anyone. It is very rare that human on this earth does not need a job. Yes there are a few who grew up with a silver spoon in their mouth. But for the rest of us, we do need to find a study job to support our families and ourselves. Once we are hired there are many rules that need to be met. For instance, there are several factors that we can not help about our... Free Essays on Ways To Get Fired Free Essays on Ways To Get Fired Ways to get fired By: Khai Le Getting fired can be everyone’s nightmare. Not everyone will get along with everyone. There are many reasons why employees lose their job. In some cases, it could be the fact the manager does not like the way you look. You could also be fired because of your fail to reach responsibilities. Or lack of communication with fellow employer, supervisor and customer. There is always someone who judges a person by his or her appearance. In most cases, it is what we all call racism. In today society, we still have ignorant people who immediately assume someone is bad or good by there outside look. With that assumption, an employee could get fired, and we all know that is not right. The most common reason why an employee could get discharged, is the fact the responsibilities that was assign to them, was never met. This could directly lead into argument with the manager. Usually the manager will quickly remove you, and replace you with someone who is capable of doing the work. Communication is one of the strongest factors you have to have to be able to work, especially if you work with people. Just imagine, walking up to a sale person asking for assistance, and all you receive is negative attitude and an unfriendly welcome. How would you feel? I bet you would feel pretty awful and flooded with anger. To communicate you have to be open, and understanding. It’s very important to be able to express your ideas with words and not physical activities. If you want to get a point across to anyone it is extremely important not to offend anyone. It is very rare that human on this earth does not need a job. Yes there are a few who grew up with a silver spoon in their mouth. But for the rest of us, we do need to find a study job to support our families and ourselves. Once we are hired there are many rules that need to be met. For instance, there are several factors that we can not help about our...

Safety in industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Safety in industries - Essay Example When we look at the statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor, it can be observed that in 2011, almost 540 fatal injuries at workplace were just due to fall in industries. In those scenarios where the height of the fall was known, almost 57 percent workers fall from a height of 20 feet or bit less than that. Out of these one in every four falls was from a height of about 10 feet or lesser than that. The industry deals with safety risks from activities such as roofing whereby workers are expected to take precautions for their own safety since not much can be done to maintain 100% safety. Enhancements to work at high heights such as scaffolds and ladders are also part of the risk since workers also slip and fall from them while in some cases the scaffolds and ladders fall causing deadly injuries to the workers using them. It is usually supposed that deadly falls are those where the victim falls from a height higher than three meters while in reality falls below this height can be dead ly especially when the head hits the ground first. According to Feld and Carper (2004), safety belts are regarded as the solution to falls in construction, but they only help to address falls in situations where the worker remains in a stationary position for a considerable period. It is not reasonable to provide a person painting a roof with a safety belt with no specific place to hook it. On the other hand, most construction managers rarely assess the experience of workers with regards to tasks requiring them to work in high heights to avoid paying higher costs. However, even with such evaluations, some workers may provide false information so as not to lose the job. Falls may also be associated with deep trenches on the ground that may be unknown to workers and without visible signs (Cheng, Kelly & Ryan, 2013). Dust is a common health issue in construction since it creates from most of the activities involved such as excavation and loading,

Managed Care Organizations Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managed Care Organizations - Case Study Example This issue has been criticized with the claim that the practice will lower the quality of care. The rigidity of rules regarding the choice of health care providers has been criticized, which is specially a reality for Health Maintenance Organizations. Sometimes, a member may be dissatisfied with the care provided by a primary care practitioner and would wish to consult with another one who is not involved in the network accessible via their managed care giver. The only option would be to do so and pay for the costs in full out-of-the pocket. A number of members complain and suggest that in order to save some cash, their managed care providers contract less-educated and inexperienced health professionals. Some criticize the service arguing that their primary care givers make them experience unnecessary tests and treatments for their conditions for them to make extra money (Robinson & Ginsburg, 2009). The third criticism against managed care is its strictness to SOPs that must be adhered to. For example, the necessity to get approval from the insurance provider prior to starting any treatments as well as the length and type of treatments. Most people also complain on the long waiting periods for them to be appointed, the inconvenient locations for clinics and network givers’ offices, or that the allocated time for appointment does not match their busy schedules. In this plan, the basic structure entails members receiving a yearly allocation of Health Reimbursement Account (HRA) finances from their employers, which they may use to purchase covered services. The allocations often range between a thousand dollars and two thousand dollars annually. Unused finances can be carried forward into years ahead and added to the following annual HRA deposit. In the CDHP, when the HRA fund is exhausted, the specified member must adhere to a deductible gap

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Swot Analysis

The Strengths And Weaknesses Of Swot Analysis This store which was known as Block Quayle, and was later abbreviated to BQ. This main store later developed and spread across the UK; by 1979 there were 26 stores in United Kingdom. During this period, the first of the co-founders already left the business. They both left the business in 1976 and 1982 respectively. BQ sprung up very well during this period through business combination methods which include mergers, acquisitions and expansions. In 1980, BQ bought over the Scottish company Dodge City, and was itself acquired by F. W. Woolworth Company. F. W. Woolworths UK subsidiary (Woolworth) and BQ were bought, two years later, by Paternoster, who are now known as Kingfisher plc and are still BQs parent company. OBJECTIVE The objective of this project is to produce a proposal on a new project that an organisation is about to start. The following are the objectives to be achieved: The title and nature of the project. The business case and tangible outcomes of the project. Competitive advantage of the organisation. 1.1 THE TITLE AND NATURE OF THE PROJECT BQ is planning an expansionary project which is the establishment of five (5) more stores in the Republic of Ireland. This will bring the number of its stores in Ireland to fourteen (14). These stores as planned would be in the central areas and in the interior so as to meet the needs of its customers and also bringing the store closer to the customers. This project would involve a huge finance base as it is a project expected to be completed within one (1) year. The management is looking into the various ways of getting finance to carry out this project in order to improve the services of the company. THE BUSINESS CASE AND TANGIBLE OUTCOMES OF THE PROJECT The start of project management starts from the construction industry. This day there are quite a lot of project management requirements which are even more outside the construction industry as project needs cut across every business segments. Current construction firms now uses a new model of project management, using visual equipments and software to help in managing the movement of materials delivery and consumption alongside equipment usage. This project will bring about numerous benefits in addition to the existing benefits of and in the organisation. Amongst this includes: Increase in profitability. Shareholders wealth would increase and there would be more income to put in for more dividend and expansionary development in the company. Value of shares may increase as there would be more sales. Creation of job opportunities. Achieving the objectives, goals and vision of the organisation. A better local environment An increase in access to quality local spaces An increase in people actively involved in a practical environmental project An improvement in partnership between support organisations, communities and authorities. 1.2 OVERVIEW OF THE PROJECT PROPOSAL BQ is planning an expansionary project which is the establishment of five (5) more stores in the Republic of Ireland. This will bring the number of its stores in Ireland to fourteen (14). These stores as planned would be in the central areas and in the interior so as to meet the needs of its customers and also bringing the store closer to the customers. To effectively analyze the viability of the project, B Q need to examine its SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) and also using PORTERS FIVE FORCES to examine the success of the project. SWOT ANALYSIS OF BQ SWOT is a tool which is used in strategic and marketing analysis of a business. It can be used to confirm the level of readiness and conformity between the organisations strategies and its business environment, and to find ways in which the organisation can utilize its strengths to checkmate its weaknesses while it uses its opportunities to checkmate its threats (Adams, 2005). Strengths Strength determines the capability of an organization. The strengths of BQ lie in its ability to provide the desired goods of its customers at relatively cheap prices and at the same time quality goods. BQ is widely known for the quality goods it sells to various customers. Weaknesses This determines a companys weaknesses. This should be not only from its own point of view, but also more importantly, from those of the customers. BQ has received quite a lot of complaints from customers about the prices of its goods which according to the company is as result of the quality of the materials used in the production. However, compared to some of its competitors it still has a better bargain price for its products. Opportunities Opportunities are everywhere, such as the changes in technology, government policy, social patterns, and so on. Opportunities for BQ lie in the structure of the general market segment and its environment. The world market and individual with corporate needs enormous for BQ to see and utilise the opportunities at its disposal. Having the financial strength and the backup of major stakeholders to open up more branches in strategic locations is an opportunity to the organisation is another sense of opportunity for BQ. Threats Threats expresses the weaknesses and incapacitation of an organization. It entails those fears which the company may be nursing and which could affect the company haphazardly. Parts of BQs threat is their competitors in the market that can win over some of their customers. Also here is the threat from suppliers and others. PORTERS FIVE FORCES ANALYSIS Five Forces Analysis will help BQ to contrast a competitive environment. It has likeness with other tools for environmental analysis, such as PESTLE analysis, but tends to focus on the single, stand alone, business or SBU (Strategic Business Unit) rather than a single product or range of products. Bargaining Power of Suppliers The term suppliers include all sources for inputs that are required so as to provide goods or services. Supplier bargaining power is likely to be high in BQ when: In such situations, BQ will face a high pressure on margins from their suppliers. The relationship to powerful suppliers can potentially reduce strategic options for the organization. Bargaining Power of Customers Customers of BQ bargaining power is likely to be high when there are substitutes to the products in the market, much more when the substitutes are of more or same quality than that of BQ. Threat of New Entrants BQ will also keep up threat of new retailers in the store. Every moment in the market there comes in new set of sellers which definitely will share the market with the existing sellers in the market. Threat of Substitutes Consumers all have different taste and can change from the use of one item to the other. Substituted items definitely will cause a loophole in the market which have been dropped, therefore, BQ may face the challenge of its products being substituted for another. Competitive Rivalry between Existing Players Michael Porter (2005) also explained that in a monopolistic or general open market where there exist many sellers especially of the same product there would exist rivalry which can affect the market sales and profitability at the other end. 1.3 COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE OF THE ORGANISATION This is seen as the benefit a company has over its rivals in the market which can be with its ability to outshine its competitors in the market/industry. BQ have a competitive advantage when it has the strength or ability to overturn its rivals in getting the face of customers. This applies to both services and products. Michael Porter (Theory of Management) (1990) explains that, though not all nations are at the peak of competition, the home nation which shapes the competitive advantage is the starting point for a firms competitive advantage and also from which it must be upheld. Therefore, BQ has a lot of competitive advantages which made it a leader in the market. It should be take in account that competitive advantage can be checked to one of three forms: Superior resources, superior skills and superior positions. TASK 2 2.0 INTRODUCTION Project Management is about organising and managing resources in a form that they deliver the desired mind to complete a project within the agreed scope, quality, and time and cost constraints. It covers the planning, monitoring and control of the project as well as the motivation of those involved in order to achieve the project objectives as set. Each project is expected to have a Project Manager to maintain project progress and integrate stakeholders to make sure that the risk of failure is reduced and also to intimate the m on the progress of the project. As a successful project manager you must be able to visualize the project from beginning to ending and to have the ability to ensure that this vision is achieved. The following are the methodologies which can be used in common principles to manage a project development: Define the project detail Involve the right people Estimate the resources, time and costs Break the project into manageable sections Define how change will be managed Agree on performance/acceptance criteria OBJECTIVES This task is to cover some areas in this project which are as listed below: To identify all resources required for the project and the benefits to the organisation. To identify all costs associated with the project. To set up a budget for the project. To carryout costs benefit analysis for the project. Staff development and training costs. 2.1 REPORT FROM: Management Consultant TO: Board of Directors/Management DATE: 22nd July, 2010. SUBJECT: RESOURCES REQUIRED FOR THE PROJECT ESTABLISHMENT INTRODUCTION BQ with its quest to satisfy all their customers by bringing services closer to them has decided to build more stores in the Republic of Ireland as this will also improve the profitability of the entire business. This is a project which will definitely require the company to establish a technical committee on the work to be done as this will require a large sum of investment for the success of the project. The budget show that the total sum  £15 million would be required. However, to furnish the stores with the items for sale would be handled by the procurement department and so the cost for this transaction is not included. The analysis of the  £15m cost plan (budget) is as follows:  £ Contract sum ( £2.5m x 5 stores) 12,500,000 Planning service cost (for the 5 stores) 1,500,000 Training cost (recruitment retraining of existing staff) 500,000 Other related cost 500,000 15,000,000 SOURCES OF RESOURCES The resources that would be required as clearly stated above would be financed by partly bank borrowing and partly using part of the banks investment income from the reserve. Noteworthy is the fact that the contract sum as mentioned above would be paid to a building contractor. The amount specified above represent the contract sum quoted by the building contractor. The training cost would be paid to PWC consultants for the training which will be in two phases; one for the new recruits that would start work in the new stores after the completion and some of the present staffs that would be transferred to the new sites. The training cost is as follows:  £ Facilitators (one year contract) 400,000 Refreshments (1 week) 20,000 Training materials 10,000 Accommodation for trainees (Scheduled quarterly) 50,000 Transportation expenses 20,000 500,000 COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS A cost benefit analysis is done to determine how well, or how poorly, a planned action will turn out and how this would be applicable to BQ. Although a cost benefit analysis can be used for almost anything, it is most commonly done on financial issues. Since the cost benefit analysis relies on the plus or minus of financial issues concerning a project to determine a net result. A cost benefit analysis finds, quantifies, and adds all the positive factors. These are the benefits. Then it identifies, quantifies, and subtracts all the negatives, the costs. The difference between the two indicates whether the planned action is advisable. The real trick to doing a cost benefit analysis well is making sure you include all the costs and all the benefits and properly quantify them. To achieve this, I will use the pay back period to check the time the project would pay back as there is a policy in the company that any investment that would not be recouped within the first five years of establishment will not be seen as being viable. The inflows are projected inflows for the new stores as a group i.e. the stores would be analysed collectively not individually. Year Cash flow Balance  £  £ 0 (15,000,000) (15,000,000) 1 2,500,000 (13,000,000) 2 3,175,000 (9,825,000) 3 5,220,000 (4,605,000) 4 6,725,000 5 6,875,000 3 + 4,605,000 = 3 + 0.685 6,725,000 = 3years, 7 months. From the above, the project would have a pay back period of less than 4 years which according to the policy of the company, the project is seen to be viable as the pay back period is less than 5 years. 2.2 STAFF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT Want to keep members of staff motivated about learning new ideas, the quality and variety of the employee training provided is major for motivation for consideration. Whatever the reason for conducting an employee training session, there is need to develop the employee training within the framework of a comprehensive, ongoing, and consistent employee training program. This quality employee training program is essential to keep the staff motivated about learning new concepts and your department profitable which definitely will help in the new outlets to be built by BQ. This training will serve the new and existing members of staff. Beneficial Components of Employee Training Skills To make a complete training of employees either new or existing staffs, there need be a balance with the companys expectation about the employer and the expectations of the employees. This training will give a detailed understanding on how and what the company is all about, individual and general expectation of both parties at the short and long run. New Hire Training This has to do with training of new recruits in the organization. They are new employees that need to understand the basis, rules and norms of the organization, either with or without previous experience in a related job exposure. On the Job Training Many organizations make good use of this system to train staffs. On the job training is so essential and can be seen as a continuous system of training for employees. During the course of the job, new styles of work are being learnt which help to progress more on the job being carried out. This involves the supervisory and the operational level of work. Managers go round during the course of work or work colleagues who are more experienced are used to train the especially the new recruits. (http://humanresources.about.com/od/coachingmentorin1/a/trainmotivation.htm) However, for this project, the type of training that would be used is contracted to PWC consultants. This is to prepare the staff ready for the new stores when they are completed in the Republic of Ireland. The training cost has been analysed above. TASK 3 3.0 INTRODUCTION Implementing strategy needs more strength and it requires effort for a lot of organizations, knowledge from emotional feedbacks on time during the implementation process, which shows the impact of any force placed alongside the quest for the use of strategy which would lead or give the basis for the realization of strategy for proper implementation. Many businesses fail to achieve strategic objectives of the organization as highlighted at the planning stage of the company because they do not successfully attach operations with goals. Effective communication among all stakeholders is critical in jumping this critical issue. The performance gap drawn between strategy creation and benefit realization is frequently a companys inability to put in place the strategies they define. Potential hazards may be grouped into four basic categories: Clarification, Communication, Alignment and Measurement. The above mentioned issues would be discussed alongside the milestones to be put in place to achieve the implementation of this project by BQ in the Republic of Ireland. Thus must emphasis would also be laid on the involvement of stakeholders in the achievement of this project. OBJECTIVES Use suitable tools and techniques to plan the implementation of the chosen project: Develop a milestone for the project. Analyse the involvement of stakeholders in the implementation of the project. Develop a set of measure that would enable you monitor and evaluate progress of the project and ensure relevant feedback procedures have been put in place to inform stakeholders of the projects progress. 3.1 MILESTONE FORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF 5 STORES IN THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND BY BQ. Many managers during the course of project management would think projects would be near completion from information given to then by subordinates and or people working with then and only to find that project over-runs by weeks or even months more than expected. This is because the last part of the work takes longer than planned. If youve ever been in this situation and have been affected by this disturbing situation, then, youll know why experienced managers carefully monitor how actual completion dates checked against planned completion dates at certain milestones within projects. This gives the managers room to take corrective action, or manage peoples expectations appropriately, and this is where Project Milestone Reporting becomes evidently important. A real life milestone is a table that tells you how far you are from a certain point so you know how far you have come, or how much effort you have to put so as to reach your realization goal. Project Milestones perform exactly this role in a project plan. They mark significant events, deliverables or interdependencies that need to be monitored to keep the project on track. Project Milestone Reports show you what has been achieved and what else needs to be done to successfully complete your project. The milestone for this project is reflected in the table below: ISSUES EXPLANATIONS The project in focus The project in focus is the construction of five (5) more stores for BQ strategically in the Republic of Ireland. Construction site. Development plan has been received in respect of the construction from the government for the development which will be at strategic locations in the country. Quality measures The quality of materials to be used for the construction is standard checked and guaranteed materials for the building. Target date The project is expected to span through twelve months as it is handled by the same contractor and would be time effective during the construction. The above represents the milestone that would serve as guide to the construction of the projects. However, the stakeholders of the company would also be involved in the development stage. This can also be represented using the Gantt Chart. ISSUE EXPLANATIONS 2010 2011 JAN.- JUNE. JUL.-DEC. JAN.- JUNE. JUL.-DEC. The project in focus Construction of five (5) more stores for in the Republic of Ireland. construction site Development plan has been received in respect of the construction from the government for the development which will be at strategic locations in the country. Quality measure The quality of materials to be used for the construction is standard checked and guaranteed materials for the building. Target date The project is expected to span through twelve months as it is handled by the same contractor and would be time effective during the construction. 3.2 STAKEHOLDERS INVOLVEMENT IN THE PROJECT A stakeholder is someone who has something to gain or lose in the result of a planning of process or project or business. These are known as interest groups and which have a powerful bearing on the outcomes of business dealings. It finds normally beneficial for research projects to analyse the needs and concerns of different stakeholders, particularly when these projects are set out to achieve a particular goal. Stakeholders, who have high interest and high power with the project, are the organisations or the people are generally fully engage with it. At the time of policy change or new campaign these people are target. Decision makers are on top of power list which are normally member of government. After that there are opinion leader whose opinion matters. This creates pyramid which known as influence map. Stakeholders with low power but high interest need to be updated all the time, and if they are properly organised they form coalition which can lobby for change. If these people are satisfied they are the main supporter at the time of policy change. If time and resources permits, detailed analysis can be carried out which give detail knowledge of (i) the nature of the power and its position and (ii) the interests that give it that position. By doing this one can get the better t understanding of the project that why people take certain stands and how they can work together. The final stage is to create a strategy for how to involve different stakeholders in a one project, how to distribute information which is useful to them, and maintaining a relationship with them. Identify who will make each contact and how, what message they will communicate and how they will do the follow-up and most importantly who will do that that how they will do. The diagram above represents the level of the stakeholders of BQ. The following are the major stakeholders of the company: The investors (shareholders) The customers The suppliers The creditors/debtors The government The competitors These represent the summary or compressed version of the companys stakeholders. All the stakeholders would be kept abreast of the happenings in the organisation so as to be able to achieve a successful implementation of the project. 3.3 PROJECT IMPLENTATION Most projects share a common life cycle as seen in the project of BQ. Define (1. Initiation) 2. PLAN The project IMPLEMENTATION (3. Executing) (4. Controlling) MONITOR ADJUST EVALUATE (5. Closing) CELEBRATE (Source:http://informationr.net/ir/8-1/paper144.html) Monitoring As the project managers of BQ will start this project, they will need to develop a work schedule for the many activities that would be done and would be expected to monitor the project from the start i.e. the initiation period down to the completion of the project as this will aid the success of the project. Managers of BQ need to check the time table written or built for this project so as to have a good grip on the monitoring of the project. They also have to consider the budget and the resources available for the completion of the project. In order to have a successful project monitoring the following should be considered: The use of the set up note for the project to monitor the growth of the project. Checking on the plan time table regularly. Quality must be checked and emphasized on. Progress should be checked on a regular basis. The full involvement of managers and project supervisors. The project time table should be followed regularly to avoid drift from the original plan. Changes during the construction should be communicated to the members of the team. Reasons why project should be monitored: To check planned work to actual work done. To know level of job completion. To know the quality of work done. Compare budgeted cost to actual spending. To check on attitude of everyone involved in the project. To know the level of commitment given in by team members. Ways to express the project development events Formal and informal Formal: Reports Level of job completion form/reports should be completed by all those involved so that progress and problems that occurred during the project work can be identified on time. Audits are used mostly to identify these issues when they arise. Project review meetings Meetings should be carried out by the managers and the project managers with the management so that periodic review could be carried out on the project so as to know the level of job completed and the requirements needed by the rest of the area not completed in the building of the project. Informal: Interaction with the members involved in the building project. Involvement of the other stakeholders of the company. Strict observation during the project design. Reports and guidelines for small and large projects to be used for the BQ project: Action Daily Weekly Monthly Quarterly Informal interaction with members Small Large Staff interaction with managers Both Meeting to review project Small Large Level of work report Small Large Project audit Large Team development practice Both Final report to the directors/mgt. Both SIMPLE FORMS TO CREATE USEFUL REPORTS (THE FINAL REPORT) The final report is a form of writing that deals on the whole history of the building work carried out during the designated period of time. This has to do with keeping of record of the initial stage build ups, every action that took place during the course of the project and the final report. Schedule on informal meeting with key players is important as to know their opinions and ask them about the project and what they would do next time. The final report of the project can be written using the form format written below: Summary of the project to include revisions to the original project plan Summary of major successes achieved. Analysis of planned requirements to actual achieved. Final financial analysis considering the difference that exists. Evaluation of administrative and management issues. Team performance should also be included in the report. Any other issue that require further investigation Recommendations on the project which can be used as a guide for the future. Acknowledgement of all those involved in the project work. CONCLUSION Project development is important and requires the development of end-to-end concepts for The construction of any project especially the construction of the stores for BQ in the Republic of Ireland which is part of the developmental plans of the company and as this will improve the profitability stage of the company. The reason for asset management is to maintain a ful set of investments, properties and fund which will in turn help in maximising the wealth of the shareholder. In property management, the duty of improving the status of the company so as to achieve profits for the business which would be carried on in the building as expected to be done by the management of BQ. This is a big organisation that has a great investment and any further investment that would be made would require the involvement of its major stakeholders. The extension would definitely call for an improvement in the state and status of BQ in the Republic of Ireland and as well the profitability of the company as a whole.

Ratio Analysis on Spinning Industry Ltd

Profile of Apex Textile Complex Apex Spinning & Knitting Mills Limited Apex Lingerie Limited Apex Textile Printing Mills Limited Apex Yarn Dyeing Limited    Contact persons:    Zahur Ahmed PhD, Managing Director; [email  protected] com Shahriar Ahmed, Director Operations; [email  protected] com    Marketing & Merchandizing For knitwear: Ershad Ullah Khan, GM; [email  protected] com MD. Mushahed Alam, Manager; [email  protected] com Belal Hossain, Manager; [email  protected] com , For Lingerie and Underwear: Shahnaz Begum Zharna (Ms), AGM; [email  protected] om Nasima Begum (Ms), AGM; [email  protected] com Apex Holdings Limited Head office: Rupayan Golden Age (5th & 6th Floor) 99 Gulshan Avenue, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh Telephone: 880-2-9883358 Fax: +880-2-8810850 or 9861685 WWW. apexknitting. com; apexlingerie. com; apextextileprinting. com Factory: Mouza: Chandora, P. O. : Shafipur, District: Gazipur Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings Introduction: Apex Textile Complex consists of four 100% export oriented textile and Garment manufacturing enterprises under the management of Apex Holdings Limited (AHL).Over the years the companies under AHL have built an enviable reputation of being a reliable vendor of consistent high quality, on time delivery and compliance with international labor laws & environmental standards. Companies under AHL have been supplying textiles to several large retail chains in the European Union and north America for the last 20 years and enjoy prominent status with them. Our reputation is based on the simple philosophy that â€Å"consistent high quality, on-time delivery and competitive price are the essence of long term relationship in export business†. The Textile complex is made up of 1.Apex Spinning & Knitting Mills Limited; year of establishment 1991 Vertical operation, Fabric to garments; 2 . 2 – 2 . 3 million pcs/month knit-garments 2. Apex Lingerie Limited; year of establishment 1999 Vertical operation, Fabric to garments; 1. 8 – 2. 0 million pcs/month bra 3. Apex Textile Printing Mills Limited; year of establishment 2006 Vertical operation, Fabric to garments; 1. 0 – 1. 2 million pcs/month knit-garments and 3. 4 to 3. 6 million pcs/month of underwear (men’s & ladies) 4. Apex Yarn Dyeing Limited; year of establishment 2003 Cotton, polyester & nylon yarn dyeing as well as sewing and embroidery threadsThe AHL textile complex is located in a 17 acre fully owned compound, 35 km from Dhaka international airport on Dhaka-Tangail highway. The different units are housed in separate built spaces consisting of about 100,000 square meters. The complex is equipped with prime power (15 MW), steam (45 T/hr), Thermo boiler (75 million BTU), Hot water (from waste heat), Compressed air (2500 cuM/hour), Process water treatment (8. 0 million liter/day), and effluent treatment (8. 0 million liters/day). Along with the production facilities, the complex has a c linic attended by doctors and nurses, childcare facilities.Both these are for workers at free of cost. In addition, there is a large dining area and a subsidized canteen for the workers. 1. Apex Spinning & Knitting Mills Limited Apex Spinning & Knitting Mills Limited (ASKML) is a fully vertical setup to manufacture high quality Knit-garments for Children, Ladies and Men’s, using inhouse fabrics. ASKML is equipped to produce a wide range of solid dyed fabrics and all-over printed fabrics (reactive, disperse, acid and pigments) using a variety of designs provided by the buyer and/or from ASKML’s own design department.The fabric can be circular knit or warp knit, 100% cotton, polyester, nylon or various blends, with or without elastane, yarn dyed or solid dyed, all from in-house source. The 42 sewing lines are equipped to produce garments starting from the basic Page 2 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   children’s items to ladies / menâ€℠¢s hooded sport jackets based on designs and specifications and accessories as required by the buyer. The total production capacity of the ASKML is 2. 2 to 2. million pieces per month, as shown below, with sufficient flexibility to allow 25-40% additional capacity of any one of the items. Infants Pcs / month Children’s Pcs / month 1,500,000 – 1,600,000 Ladies Pcs / month 200,000 – 250,000 400,000 – 450,000 2. Apex Lingerie Limited Apex Lingerie Limited (ALL) has been setup as a fully vertical operation for the sole purpose of manufacturing high quality brassiere. ALL specializes in brassieres using mostly in house fabrics, narrow fabrics ( elastics) etc.Apex Lingerie Limited produces a wide range of styles and designs using a variety of fabrics, lace and accessories based on customer’s requirement. The plant is fully equipped to produce high quality molded and non-molded bra, with or without pad, with or without under-wire and bra with traditional seams. The total production capacity of the ALL for the different types of bra is 1. 8 to 2. 0 million pieces of bra per month. The production facility is sufficiently flexible to allow 15-20% additional capacity of any of the items.Sports Bra Pcs/month Girls Bra Pcs/month 500,000- 550,000 Ladies Bra; standard Pcs/month 600,000- 650,000 Ladies Bra; fashion Pcs/month 300,000- 350,000 400,000- 450,000 3. Apex Textile Printing Mills Limited Apex Textile Printing Mills Limited (ATPML) is a fully vertical setup to manufacture high quality Knit-garments and both ladies & men’s underwear using in-house fabrics. High quality knit-garments for infant and children are manufactured in one floor. In the separate two floors men’s and ladies underwear and others intimate apparels are made.Both the sewing floors use in-house fabrics and components manufactured within the Apex textile complex. The plant is equipped with facilities to produce garments starting from the infant sleep sac k / body suits to ladies / men’s hooded sport jackets, based on designs, fabrics and accessories as required by the buyer. The garments can be from basic to complicated cut & sew, with placement prints, embroidery or both. Page 3 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   The production capacity of the knitwear section of ATPML is about 1. 0 to 1. million pieces per month of knit garments and that of the underwear floors are about 3. 4 to 3. 6 million pieces per month. The two tables below shows the capacities of the 3 floors in ATPML. The capacities of different types of knit-garment, with sufficient flexibility to allow 25-40% additional capacity of any one of the items. Infants Pcs / month Children’s Pcs / month 400,000 – 450,000 Ladies apparel Pcs / month 300,000 – 350,000 300,000 – 400,000 The table below shows the sewing capacities of underwear in ATPML. Children’s underwear Pcs / month 600,000 – 700,000Ladies und erwear Pcs / month 1,200,000 – 1,250,000 Man’s underwear Pcs / month 1,600,000 – 1,650,000 Facilities within Apex Textile complex: Apex textile complex is the combination of these 3 vertical operations, from fabrics to garment factories along with Apex Yarn Dyeing Mills limited. Most of the fabrics and other materials for the garments are produced within the Textile complex. Items like lace, under-wires, ring-slide and some special components are imported. Hangers, poly-bags, printed individual boxes, woven labels etc are locally available. 1. Garment-making:Each of the three garments factories; ASKML (knitwear), ALL (Bra) & ATPML (underwear & knitwear) have separate and complete set-ups for garment manufacturing, starting from design- sample-pattern to garment finishing. 1. a. Sample, Pattern and design department: The department in each of the garment manufacturing units is equipped with CAD (Lectra and/or Garber) systems and between 60 to 80 sewing machines t o produce samples according to buyer’s specifications and /or Apex’s own designs (see page XX). All samples are fitted on appropriate fitting-forms and on live models before sending to the buyers.From digitized patterns, all production markers are produced with optimum efficiency. Page 4 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings Sections of sample, pattern & design department 1. b. Cutting department: The cutting department for each of the sewing floors is equipped with fabric inspection, 8 to 12 cutting tables, straight knife, band knife and stripe fabric pilling or lace pilling setups. The capacities of each cutting departments are carefully matched with the respective sewing capacities, between 60,000 to 100,000 pieces each day. All cut pieces are checked and are prepared into bundles of 20 to 40 pieces.The bundle baskets are sent to the sewing section. Before cutting 100% of the fabrics are inspected and laid for sufficient time on cutting tables for re laxation. Sections of the cutting floor Page 5 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   1. c. Sewing department: All the sewing floors are equipped with modern apparel machineries and attachments. The mechanical department is fully equipped with specialized attachment making within facilities. The lines are laid out in a manner to allow 100% inspection of the garments during production. Sewing floor 1. d.Finishing department: Completed garments in size lots are cleaned of loose threads, dust etc in vacuum suction device, as required. Subsequently, the garments are transferred into an enclosed humidity controlled (air conditioned) room, where, for the Bra and underwear, the garments are inspected and for the knitwear’s, the garments are finished with steam iron on vacuum tables. After putting all packaging accessories each piece is checked with needle detector before packing for shipment. For all orders, internal AQL is determined before buyer’s inspect ion. Page 6 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  HoldingsSections of the finishing floor Another section of the finishing floor 1. e. Molding & Laminating: Apex Lingerie Limited mainly uses the molding & laminating facility. This section is equipped with foam molding, elastic fabric molding, rigid fabric molding, die-cutting (for both foam & fabric) and fabric-fabric, foam-fabric, fiber fill-fabric Laminating machinery. Foam molding Capacity: 52,000 pairs/day and fabric molding capacity: 70,000 pairs/day. Foam & fabric molding section 1. f. Hook & eye tape making: Apex Lingerie Limited mainly uses the hook & eye tape making facility.This section is equipped with fully computerized machinery to Page 7 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   produce both hook tape and eye tapes of up to 4 rows. The Hook & eye capacity is about 80,000 pieces/day. Hook & eye making setup 2. Fabrics: A large variety of wide fabrics (circular knit & warp knit), using a wide range of fibers, 100% cotton, polyester, nylon, various blends, micro-fibers with or without spandex and yarn dyed or solid dyed fabrics are produced exclusively for the garments units within the textile complex. 2. a. Wide Fabrics:Circular knit fabrics: There are a total of 145 circular knitting machines, most of the machines are equipped with Spandex attachments and have extra-gauge cylinders. Circular knit fabrics can be solid dyed or yarn dyed, with or without Spandex; Total Capacity 3 5,000 Kg / day Single Jersey / Pique: Capacity/day:16,500 Kg Interlock / drop needle: Capacity/day: 6,000 Kg Rib / drop needle rib: Capacity/day: 6,000 Kg Engineering stripe (up to 6 colors): Capacity/ day: 1,500 Kg 3 thread fleece: Capacity/day: 5,000 Kg Sections of circular knitting departmentPage 8 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings Warp knit fabrics: Solid dyed or yarn dyed, with or without Spandex Tricot: Double tricot, Charmeuse, mesh, honeycomb, velour, diamond tulle etc (from rigid to 30 % elastane); Capacity: 150,000 meters / month Raschel: powernet, satinette, slee knit, one way stretch fabric etc (from 5% to 35 % elastane); Capacity: 70,000 meters / month Simplex; Various types of Simplex fabrics (up to 35% elastane) Capacity : 24,000 meters to 30,000 meters / month Elastane warping, rigid yarn warping and warp knitting sectionsFlat knit fabrics: Solid dyed or yarn dyed Collars / cuffs (SHIMA SEIKI); Capacity: 6,000 sets / day Fabrics for styling Flat knitting section 2. b. Dyeing & finishing facilities for wide fabrics: Dyeing machines are suitable for cotton, spandex cotton, polyamide, polyester, viscose, and various blends; Capacity 55,000 Kg / day Page 9 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   14 sample dyeing machines which can produce 40 different sample fabrics in every day. This department is equipped with both open width & tubular finishing machinery. Fabric finishing section is equipped with stenter / open-wid th dryer, tubular-dryer / Tumble dryer / open-width compactor / tubular compactor etc suitable for enzyme finish, silicone finish or any specialized finish (e. g. , Teflon coating, antimicrobial coating etc); Capacity; 50,000 Kg / day. In addition to all the options for the chemical finishing, the department has sued- / peach-finishing machines for mechanical finishes. Capacity: 5,000 Kg/day. For Fleece fabrics, the finishing section is equipped with raising machines, brushing machine and searing machine. Capacity: 10,000 Kg/day.Part of the dyeing department showing a section of the sample dyeing Sections of the dye-finishing Page 10 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings 2. c. Printed Fabrics: The printing section can produce about 50,000 meters/day of printed fabrics, with either reactive, disperse, acid or pigment dyes. The All Over Printing (AOP) section is equipped with:    †¢ One 12 colors Rotary screen printing setup for knit fabrics with a capacity of about 25,000 meters/day. AND One 12 colors Flat-Bed printing setup for knit fabrics with a capacity of about 22,000 meters/day.Loop steamer / polymerizer / after print washing Digital engraving Computerized design preparation Fully equipped sample & strike off preparation Color kitchen Screen preparation, sample printing †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ †¢ Screen preparation, sample printing and 12 color rotary screen printing Page 11 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings 12 color Flat -bed printing Machine    2. d. Narrow fabrics: The narrow fabrics section is equipped with all the necessary machinery to produce a wide range of elastic and non-elastic fabrics. Rubber covering (double covering): Capacity: 1200 Kg /day Spandex covering (single covering): Capacity: 540 Kg / day Needle looms (without jacquard): Capacity: 3 50,000 meters / day Needle looms (Jacquard): Capacity: 50,000 meters/day Crochet: Capacity: 60,000 meters / day Narrow fa brics dyeing: Capacity: 350,000 meters / day Label printing: Capacity: 200,000 labels / day Narrow fabric weaving, knitting & dyeing Page 12 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   3. Yarn dyeing Dyed yarn; cotton, polyester & nylon: Capacity: 13,000 to 15,000 Kg/day Sewing and embroidery threads; Spun polyester, filament polyester / nylon / viscose: Capacity: 45,000 cones / day . Embroidery: Yarn dyeing, winding & spooling Capacity 15,000 pieces/ day Solid Embroidery: 9 color machines Applique Embroidery on print Sequence / cording / boring Embroidery section 5. Placement printing: Capacity: 60,000 to 100,000 pieces / day in up to 6 colors Pigment / Discharge print Puff / Rubber print Page 13 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   Glitter / Flock print Stone attachment Foil printing / metallic shine High density printing Photo print Sections of Placement printing department 6. Pad printing & label printing:In keeping with the need of the market, Apex has setup the facilities to print labels on label tapes as well as printing labels (particularly care labels on bra and underwear) on the body of the garments, using both pad printing machines or using transfer print labels. 7. Washing plant: Capacity 25,000 pcs garment / day The washing plant is equipped to wash knit garments with various additives, enzymes during wash and also during the drying cycle. Page 14 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings Section of the garment washing plant 8. Packaging & Store:All garments are fully inspected & packaged before inspection by buyer or buyer’s agent. A large area is allocated for the proper storage of the boxes before shipment. Packaging area and storage 9. Quality control & Textile testing In addition to the modern machinery & equipments, Apex has constantly worked with a wide range of technical experts from Japan, Philippines, Hong Kong and Sri Lanka to improve the working and quality control pro cedure. Sewing technicians work constantly with the operators and supervisor to upgrade the quality standards and optimize efficiency. QA department personnel conducts inspection of fabric, cutting, molding, bundle preparation and 100% garment quality inspection and recording at all stages of production. Fabric weight (density), yarn count & composition Spectral color matching Color Fastness to wash, Rub, light etc Shrinkage and other dimensional stability Extension and Modulus etc Page 15 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings Section of laboratory, Spectral equipment and OEKO-TEX certificate In addition, regular testing of yarn, fabrics etc are conducted at our wellequipped lab, accredited by H&M. 0. Product Development and Fashion Design Department: For the last several years, Apex’s product development team has been working with various buyers to develop new fabrics, prints, narrow fabrics, embellishments’ etc to create new fashion garments for the export market. Based on this experience, in 2010 Apex setup a new independent department for this purpose, staffed by Textile engineers, fashion designers and a complete sample sewing section. The textile engineers in conjunction with the R&D and fabrics departments develop new fabrics, elastics, prints and other embellishments.Fashion designers use these to develop fashion products for the various export market. This has proven to be very useful to the buyers from USA and Europe and many of them are routinely using this facility. 11. Conformity with International Labour & Environmental Standards: Our operations are conducted with awareness for environmental safeguard and we deem it a s our obligation to prevent pollution by complying with relevant environmental legislations. Apex is one of the country’s very first textiles knit composite industries to have its own Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) with a daily capacity of 8 million liters/day.Apex Textile complex fully trea ts all factory effluent before releasing into the environment. All the factories within the complex are fully compliant with and or certified by; WRAP certified OEKO-TEX Standard 100 OE (Organic Exchange Certificate) GSV / CTPAT approved Fare Trade ISO 9000 2001 SEDEX Code of Conduct required by major retail stores of the world, e. g. , H&M, Maidenform, Hanes Brands Inc, Vanity Fair, JC Penney, Target, Lindex, Sear-Kmart, Fruit of the loom, Walmart, The Children Place etcWe follow ethical employment practices and adhere to applicable state, National and International laws on labor employment. We provide a clean, safe and healthy environment, adopt fair labor practices, reward them with wages without any discrimination and we do not interfere in their freedom of association and personal    Page 16 of Profile of the Textile Complex of Apex  Holdings   freedom. In addition, we have the Child care center accommodate with 90 children providing food, nursing etc. 12. Buyers of Apex Textile Complex: Our buyers of Knitwear are; H&M, Zara, The Morrison, Oshkosh/Caters, Sainsbury, V a n i t y F a i r .Children Place, O’stin, Buyers of Bra are : Maidenform, H&M, George UK, Vanity Fair, Matalan, Hunkemoller, Charlott, Sears, Next, JC Penney, Kohls, Target, Lindex, Kappahl . Buyers of Underwear are : H&M, George UK, Lindex, Kappahl, DB Apparels, Hema, Next, Pi erre Cardin , 2xist. 13. Delivery time and other Commercial issues Typically an order can be made ready for shipment in 30-90 days depending on approvals of the buyer. Prior to the confirmation of an order, order details and buyer’s desired delivery dates are sent to the PPIC (Production Planning and Inventory Control) department.Upon receiving the export Letter of Credit or Contract, Apex’s merchandizing and commercial department issues purchase orders for the required raw materials. After supplier confirmation of shipment date(s), PPIC department confirms production plans. The pro duction management team, PPIC department, and QAD coordinate the production and the commercial department oversees the export and documentation. 14. How to execute a new order To start business with any of the factories of Apex Textile Complex, you or your representative can visit our factory to see our production facilities, products and compliance issues, or have the factory audited.In addition, you can send us any of the following along with the sizes & colors you want and target date(s) for the shipment(s). A sample of the item(s) you want. OR A sketch of the item(s) you want with complete measurement chart. OR You can ask us to send you samples from our own collections Our merchandizing department will give you our costing(s) and send counter sample(s) as soon as possible with and options of shipment dates. Page 17 of